As pet owners, one of the most concerning things we might notice is a sudden change in our pets' behaviour. Whether it's a dog who used to be playful, and now seems distant or a cat that has become more reclusive, changes in behaviour can signal underlying issues that require attention. Understanding pet behaviour is crucial for maintaining a strong bond with your pet and ensuring their well-being. In this article, we will explore the causes of behaviour changes in pets, common signs to watch for, and potential solutions to address these concerns.

Causes of Pet Behaviour Issues

Behaviour changes in pets can stem from a variety of factors. Some are physical, while others are emotional or environmental. Let’s explore some of the most common causes:

1. Health Problems
   The first thing to consider when you notice behaviour changes in pets is their physical health. Pain, discomfort, or illness can significantly impact a pet's behaviour. For example, a dog who is suddenly irritable may be suffering from joint pain or a dental issue. Cats may exhibit changes in behaviour if they’re experiencing urinary tract infections or digestive problems.
2. Environmental Changes
   Pets are highly sensitive to changes in their environment. A move to a new home, the arrival of a new family member, or even changes in the weather can disrupt your pet's routine and cause stress. Changes in the household, such as new furniture or renovations, can also affect your pet’s sense of security, leading to anxiety or behavioural issues.
3. Lack of Stimulation
   Pets, especially dogs and cats, need mental and physical stimulation to stay happy and healthy. If your pet is not getting enough exercise, social interaction, or enrichment, they may display signs of boredom or frustration. This can manifest as destructive behaviour, excessive barking or meowing, or withdrawal.
4. Ageing and Cognitive Dysfunction
   Older pets can experience cognitive dysfunction, which is similar to dementia in humans. Dogs, for example, may become confused, forget trained behaviours, or have difficulty adjusting to their environment. Cognitive decline can also lead to anxiety or aggression in senior pets.
5. Emotional Stress or Trauma
   Just like humans, pets can suffer from emotional stress. A traumatic event, such as a previous owner’s abuse, a visit to the vet, or even loud noises like thunderstorms, can lead to anxiety and behavioural changes. Some pets may become fearful or develop destructive habits as a result of stress.

Signs of Behavioural Changes in Pets

When your pet starts acting different, it’s important to recognise the signs early. Some of the most common signs that indicate behaviour changes in pets include:

• Increased aggression (growling, biting, or snapping)
• Excessive barking or meowing
• Withdrawal or hiding (a pet that suddenly becomes reclusive or isolates itself may be in distress)
• Changes in eating or drinking habits (eating too much, too little, or refusing food altogether)
• Restlessness or pacing
• Unexplained house soiling (when a previously house-trained pet starts having accidents)
• Destructive behaviour (chewing, scratching, or digging)
• Excessive licking or grooming (this can be a sign of stress or anxiety)

If you notice any of these changes, it’s essential to investigate further and consider consulting with a professional.

Why Is My Dog Acting Different?

If you've found yourself asking, “Why is my dog acting different?” you’re not alone. Dogs are particularly sensitive to their surroundings and can display a range of behavioural changes in response to stress, health issues, or even boredom.

Some specific reasons dogs may act differently include:

• Pain or discomfort: Dogs may hide pain through subtle behavioural shifts, like avoiding certain movements or becoming more aggressive when touched.
• Separation anxiety: Dogs who are left alone for long periods may become anxious, leading to destructive behaviour.
• Changes in routine: Dogs thrive on consistency. A change in your schedule, such as longer work hours or a new family member, can disrupt your dog’s routine.

Pay close attention to your dog's behaviour and consider factors like recent lifestyle changes or possible health issues when trying to figure out why they are acting differently.

Veterinary Behavioural Advice: What To Do Next

If you notice persistent or concerning behaviour changes in your pet, seeking veterinary behavioural advice is a wise next step. A veterinarian can help determine if the behavioural changes are linked to an underlying medical issue or if they stem from environmental factors.

Here’s how to approach the situation:

1. Schedule a Vet Appointment
   A vet can rule out any medical issues or conditions that might be affecting your pet’s behaviour.
2. Certified Fear Free Veterinarian
   The best type of vet to assess behaviour issues is a Certified Fear Free Veterinarian, or a qualified veterinary specialist in behaviour. A Fear Free certified vet uses techniques that prioritise your pet’s emotional well-being and minimise fear, anxiety, and stress. In some cases, you may need a referral from your regular vet to consult a veterinary behaviourist who specialises in diagnosing and treating complex behavioural issues.
3. Observation and Record Keeping
   Keep track of your pet’s behaviour by noting changes in their routine, eating habits, and interactions with family members. This information can help your vet make a more accurate diagnosis.
4. Training and Behaviour Modification
   In cases where the behaviour is rooted in anxiety, fear, or lack of stimulation, a structured training program or environmental enrichment plan can help restore balance. Sometimes Behavioural Medications are required. Positive reinforcement techniques, puzzle feeders, and interactive toys can stimulate your pet’s mind and body.

If you're looking for the best care for your pet's behavioural needs, Avoca Drive Animal Hospital is the Central Coast's only fully Fear Free certified veterinary hospital and Australia's first full Fear Free veterinary hospital. Their team is equipped to provide the most compassionate and effective behavioural support for your pet in a stress-free environment.